Every four weeks on a Saturday, we will select some very interesting questions and answers concerning a certain topic (disease, medicine, etc.) and publish them on our homepage. Today's topic is paratyphoid.

My name is Richard Chambers and I am a teacher and the loft manager at the Kingsmead Technology College School Pigeon Loft. We have set up a racing pigeon loft at the school to try and encourage more young people into the sport, and also to give young people at our school an alternative to the Playstation’s Xboxes and TV screens that so many of our students are dedicating there spare time to.

The eagle may be the symbol of American freedom and military might, but no eagle ever received France's Croix de Guerre for valor, or saved the lives of 1,000 troops trapped behind enemy lines, or walked five miles to deliver vital information after being shot out of the sky.

Suzy Schollier, primary school teacher in the 4th form, tells us about Ichtor, a skills-integrated project at the primary school “De Schatkist” in Ichtegem (Flanders).

Pigeon feathers can be used for many things... For many years now, the British artist Kate MccGwire has been collecting moulted feathers to produce works of art.

Children and pigeons, pigeons and children…it’s still an amazing thing! Goose bumps every Friday after school! Parents, grand-parents and little brothers and sisters…They all come to have fun with their feathered friends!

A classic section of the rating of a pigeon, is the judgement of the eye. Every pigeon fancier, wherever in the world, always looks at the eye during the rating of a pigeon. And if you ask: what do you see, then you receive thousands of different answers.

The last week of July the noise was tremendous in our lofts when the widowers came home from their last race. They were allowed to keep their hens. For them the season was over.

I will give a concise description of the main pigeon foods and their most striking properties. Firstly we have the cereals which are rich in carbohydrates and only contain little to very little crude fibre.

In «De Belgische Duivensport», I wrote an article about the moult in which I said «the moult is a natural function which, in normal circumstances, is completed without any special remedies from the manager.

Paratyphoid is caused by a Salmonella bacteria. This Salmonella var. Copenhagen is specific for pigeons. Although this disease is widely acknowledged by pigeon fanciers it is still an underestimated illness.

The sickness streptococcosis is a frequent disorder by pigeons. It is caused by a bacteria Streptococcus gallolyticus and in addition to paratyfus and chlamydiosis it is one of the most common bacterial pigeon diseases.

Panders are always seeking methods by which the pigeons may be urged to race home faster. One cannot hope to find a better jockey to assist in this matter than the pigeon's own natural instinct.

Around mid September, our birds' last round of youngsters is weaned. By then, our birds have all been on eggs for a few days, and the moult has set in. Once all the youngsters are weaned, the old birds coats seem to fall apart.

In my past articles on performance and selection I covered My 6 Common Denominator Grading System plus our family of birds that have worked very well for us, clients and friends. Every once in a while we should ask ourselves, are we as a breeder really going in the right direction?

Mitochondria are found within each of our cells. Their main job is to produce energy so that when we run up a flight of stairs, just enough energy is produced for our cells.

Pigeons wearing miniature backpacks containing tracking devices have revealed that the birds rapidly shift direction during flight in response to cues from the leading members of their group.

Selection of breeders. Some things that matter and some that don’t

In my first article I covered the importance of only selecting future breeders from a performance based family. In addition a good selection process will save you years of time and money.

Feeding, winter period, pairing up ans breeding, racing period and moulting

17 JULY 1937 National racec from Rome 713 birds. Organized by the "Club de la Porte de Chene," which was then located on Borgvalstraat in Brussels at the place where the "Colombe Joyeuse" was later established, the race was a real success.

Over the last 13 years we have developed a family that has received 21 Ace pigeon awards in total and 7 of them are No.1 Ace Pigeons of all America. We know there are many roads to Rome. The destination in all cases is the same but not all prefer the same route.

Vaccinate your youngsters in time!!! For a few years circovirosis has been a new threat to our young pigeon population. Young pigeons, younger than 1 year are very vulnerable for infection, especially up to 4 months old.

The energy ability on which a pigeon can draw in a season are limited, so that when you prepare a pigeon for racing, you must not work it too hard so that it is able to draw on these reserves to the full when racing starts. For the reader who has read what we have written about the future

This rule applies to the youngsters bred during the winter months as well as to those youngsters bred during the spring and early summer.

With the publisher of this paper I was discussing the contents of a pigeon magazine. I write in many of them and I can assure you that that is far from easy as far as foreign countries are concerned.

I have come across an interesting case recently. A mondain breeder called me because one of his hens was unable to lay the egg that was palpable just before the cloaca. He tried to lubricate the cloaca by administering some paraffin oil in it but it did not help.

If you don't know how to determine the sex of your pigeon, we give you a handy trick !

The sickness streptococcosis is a frequently occurring disorder in pigeons. It is caused by the bacteria Streptococcus gallolyticus and is next to paratyphoid and chlamydia one of the most frequently occurring bacterial pigeon illnesses.

It is a known fact that most pigeon fanciers are always grumbling and displeased with what faces them. This observation is a timely one, and to convince oneself, one only has to go to the clubhouse at the time the clocks are being brought in to be checked.

A while ago, a pigeon fancier paid me a visit for a routine check-up. The pigeons had received a cure of 8 days with ronidazole 10% (high doses). Upon examination, it appeared that the pigeons were truly full of trichomoniase!

When the youngsters are weaned, around the 20th to 25th of January, the cocks are placed in a separate widowers loft, in as far as this is possible and in as far as the cocks can already be determined.

You have the countrycode, but don't know from which country the ring is ... or visa versa ? This is your starting point !

Most medicines for internal use, however they are administered (by mouth, injection, spraying), have to be absorbed from the point at which this occurs, i.e. have to travel further in order to reach the appropriate organ or organs. There are clear differences in the way the various active ingredients are absorbed, and to ignore these can cause treatment to be unsuccessful.

Real apple cider vinegar is a natural substance, but only if from a bio farm. It strengthens the immune system, as it is an excellent source of trace and micro elements. However, this is only true of vinegar derived from apples grown in a natural (e.g. grassy) environment free of fertilisers and insecticides. An apple that is artificially cultivated does not undergo real ripening, and so does not contain the biologically complete stock of micro elements of which it is genetically capable.

Bacteria are single-cell creatures that are invisible to the naked eye. Their size varies from 0.1 to 10 microns (1 millimetre = 1,000 microns). Their structure varies from the simple to the complicated – for example, some do not even have a cell wall. For our purposes, we distinguish beneficial and pathogenic bacteria, though this classification is arbitrary and not necessarily precise. For example, some types of bacteria are largely beneficial or neutral for pigeons, but in certain conditions can still become pathogens.

Over the last 28 years I have written many articles under various names about different aspects of racing pigeons and the sport in general, I think that now is the time to re-evaluate those idea's on what I have seen over the years during many loft visits.

One can always observe pigeons on pictures with Kamadeva, one of the oldest Hindu love gods. Christian religion tells the story of Noah who sent a pigeon 3 times to look for a dry piece of land. Little pigeon statues were found, made 5000 years before our era. The statues have a striking resemblance to modern race pigeons.

Le pigeon voyageur possède désormais un musée qui lui est consacré. C'est à La Hamaide, en Province de Hainaut, pas très loin de Lessines !

Examples of situations in which the information gained with a microscope can aid an individual flier to improve his results are given below.

It seems to us the best way, to inform you of widowhood methods, in the form of questions and answers which will give a comlete and detailed study about this subject. It will consequently become a dialogue between a novice and an expert who is prepared to instruct and pass on knowledge obtained by long experience.

It seems to us the best way, to inform you of widowhood methods, in the form of questions and answers which will give a comlete and detailed study about this subject. It will consequently become a dialogue between a novice and an expert who is prepared to instruct and pass on knowledge obtained by long experience.

It seems to us the best way, to inform you of widowhood methods, in the form of questions and answers which will give a comlete and detailed study about this subject. It will consequently become a dialogue between a novice and an expert who is prepared to instruct and pass on knowledge obtained by long experience.

It seems to us the best way, to inform you of widowhood methods, in the form of questions and answers which will give a comlete and detailed study about this subject. It will consequently become a dialogue between a novice and an expert who is prepared to instruct and pass on knowledge obtained by long experience.

It seems to us the best way, to inform you of widowhood methods, in the form of questions and answers which will give a comlete and detailed study about this subject. It will consequently become a dialogue between a novice and an expert who is prepared to instruct and pass on knowledge obtained by long experience.

It seems to us the best way, to inform you of widowhood methods, in the form of questions and answers which will give a comlete and detailed study about this subject. It will consequently become a dialogue between a novice and an expert who is prepared to instruct and pass on knowledge obtained by long experience.

We have not departed from our costum to investigate every conclusion beforehand, and have never made a rash decision and also have never been strongly influenced with the different theories put forward with much publicity, hoping to find a ready market and financial gain. Up to the present time, as we are writing this, we have never, after being in the pigeonsport for over 20 years, rued the day of our innate caution on this point.

We have not departed from our costum to investigate every conclusion beforehand, and have never made a rash decision and also have never been strongly influenced with the different theories put forward with much publicity, hoping to find a ready market and financial gain. Up to the present time, as we are writing this, we have never, after being in the pigeonsport for over 20 years, rued the day of our innate caution on this point.